Spontaneous vertebral artery dissection in an elder patient: a case report

Vertebrobasilar artery dissection (VBD) is a rare cause of posterior ischemic strokes. It is more likely to occur in young patients with a history of traumatism or hereditary connective tissue disorders. Spontaneous VBD is rare, especially in elder patients. This paper aims to report the case of an old patient that presented with a posterior ischemic stroke due to a spontaneous vertebral artery dissection (SVAD), linked to atherosclerosis. The diagnosis of SVAD was made by Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which is the gold standard technique to diagnose this pathology in a short time so the patient could receive adequate treatment

Zinner Syndrome

Zinner syndrome is a developmental anomaly of the urogenital tract. This condition is defined by the triad of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst and ipsilateral ejaculatory duct obstruction. The syndrome is due to malformation of the mesonephric duct during embryogenesis. The condition used to be rare but is now frequently encountered due to the advent of MRI and CT. MRI confirms the diagnosis by revealing the seminal vesicle cyst and its contents, and the ejaculatory duct obstruction, while CT confirms renal agenesis. We report the case of a young patient with Zinner syndrome

L’ostéome ostéoïde: à propos d’un cas

L'ostéome ostéoïde est une tumeur osseuse primitive bénigne. Cette tumeur est relativement fréquente, représente 12% de l'ensemble des tumeurs osseuses bénignes et environ 2 à 3% de l'ensemble des tumeurs osseuses. Nous rapportons un nouveau cas d'ostéome ostéoïde confirmé histologiquement. Il s'agissait d'une patiente âgée de 30 ans adressé pour des douleurs chroniques de la cheville. Les radiographies de la cheville face et profil mettent en évidence une plage hétérogène en regard du col du talus sans anomalies des parties molles. La TDM de la cheville a montré la présence d'une lésion nodulaire hypodense au niveau du col du talus avec une réaction ostéosclérotique peu importante.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

Lymphocytic Hypophysitis: Case Report

The lymphocytic hypophysitis is a rare autoimmune process; its diagnosis is difficult because of the low specificity of the clinical signs. The diagnosis is based on the association of clinical, radiological, hormonal and immunological data.We report the case of a 43 years old female patient suffering from chronic headache with decreased visual acuity for 1 year, amenorrhea and galactorrhea, and progressive fatigue.The complete hormonal examination showed adrenocorticotropic failure, thyrotropic deficiency, moderate hyperprolactinaemia and normal FSH.MRI showed a nodular intrasellar mass extending to the upper border, measuring 11x11x13 mm, enhancing after contrast injection. The mass was filling the optochiasmatic space and lifting the optic chiasm. There was an associated thickening of the pituitary, which was not displaced and was still taking the contrast.Lymphocytic hypophysitis was suspected and the patient was treated with Prednisone 1mg / kg / day (60 mg) with reduction of dosage over six months, and substitution by thyroid hormones with a dosage of about 75 μg per day.The treatment was followed by reestablishment of menstruation and by the disappearance of headaches. The control MRI showed a reduction in the size of pituitary process

Chronic dysphagia revealing an esophageal hemangioma: a case report

Oesophagal cavernous hemangioma is a rare benign tumour. It is often discovered by chance, as it is usually asymptomatic. Its diagnosis is made by endoscopy, aided by imaging and requires histological confirmation. Its treatment of choice is surgical. We report the observation of an 80-year-old woman who was consulted for dysphagia and hematemesis, in whom the thoraco-abdomino-pelvic scanner revealed a large mass in the lower third of the thoracic and abdominal oesophagus. The interest of this case lies in the impressive character of the volume of the tumour and its telling scannographic semiology

Une myelinolyse centropontine sans rapport avec la natrémie: role de l'hyperglycemie? A propos d'un cas et revue de la litterature

La myélinolyse centropontine (MCP) correspond à un état neurologique sévère.La physiopathologie exacte de la constitution des syndromes de démyélinisation osmotique est encore mal connue.Chez l'homme, la MCP survient généralement lorsque la correction du taux de sodium sérique dépasse 12 mEq/l/jour. L'IRM est l'imagerie de choix pour le diagnostic. Nous rapportons le cas d'un patient admis au service de neurologie pour tableau de paraplégie d'installation progressive associé à des troubles de déglutition et dysarthrie avec à l'IRM des hypersignaux T2 et FLAIR et diffusion centropontiques symétriques s'étendant au niveau des pédoncules cérébelleux supérieurs faisant évoquer une MCP , sans anomalie du bilan sodique mais plutôt un déséquilibre glycémique chronique qui aurait eu les mêmes effets qu'une perfusion rapide de sérum salé hypertonique sur hyponatrémie

Mirrored Appearance of Complete Common Mesentery Discovered on CT Scan for Crohn's Disease

Incomplete 90° intestinal rotation in a clockwise direction results in complete common mesentery being placed in a mirror image to and with a similar appearance to complete common mesentery. This rotation places the colon in the right half of the abdominal cavity and the small intestine in the left half of the abdominal cavity.We report the case of a 19-year-old patient with a history of cerebral palsy secondary to meningitis who presented with melaena and inflammatory anaemia.CT enterography was performed which showed regular, non-stenosing circumferential wall thickening of the sigmoid colon and rectosigmoid junction compatible with Crohn's disease, which was confirmed by pathophysiology. It also revealed transposition of the colon to the right hemi-abdomen and the small intestine to the left hemi-abdomen, the caecum to the right iliac fossa, and the third portion of the duodenum to the left of the mesenteric vessels

Non-traumatic cauda equina syndrome in adults. What etiology? About 76 cases

Cauda equina syndrome is a rare neurological disease caused by compression of the cauda equina. The ponytail consists of the spinal nerves L2-L5, S1-S5 and the coccygeal nerve. We carried out a retrospective study over a period of two years (24 months), ranging from January 01, 2020, to December 31, 2021, from the files of patients referred for lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or CT scan exploration in the context of low back pain or sciatica resistant to disabling medical treatment, a neurological deficit of the lower limbs associated or not with the bladder and/or rectal sphincter disorders, without any notion of trauma, with as judgment criterion the demonstration of an anomaly responsible for compression of the roots of the ponytail. We collected seventy-six (76) patients, with an average age of 53.5 years old and at extremes ages of 15 years and 89 years. We noted a female predominance with a sex ratio of 1.5 in favour of the female sex. Most of the patients were explored with MRI in 89 % of cases. Our patient history was dominated by cancer pathologies, with breast cancer in 24% of cases and prostatic cancer in 18% of cases. Sphincteric disorders mainly represented the symptomatology presented by the patients in 47% of cases and lumboscialitica in 28% of cases. The conflicting disc herniation dominated the etiologies in 36 % of cases, followed by secondary vertebral neoplastic lesions in 20% of cases. MRI and CT scans are important radiological modalities in characterizing lesions responsible for cauda equina syndrome in adults. The CT scan is effective in the study of bone and the MRI in the study of nerve roots, intervertebral discs and paravertebral soft tissues

Transient ischemic attack due to multiple spontaneous calcified embolus of the cerebral arteries on a calcified mitral and aortic stenosis

We report a case of calcified mitral and aortic stenosis revealed by a reversible ischemic stroke. A 59-year-old male patient, with background of hypertension, kidney failure, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, presented with neither acute onset of right-sided hemiparesis without aphasia nor any loss of consciousness. Head computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple rounded and amorph calcified high-density calcifications within the distal segments of both sylvian and posterior cerebral arteries. Angiographic CT of the carotids didn't reveal any stenosis or atherosclerotic plaques. Thoracic CT showed massive mitral and aortic valvular calcifications with a left ventricular hypertrophy